Frame: Lightweight welded steel tube frame with piano wire tensioners and wooden brackets
Wings: Made of wood, including spruce and birch plywood, with hollow horizontal spars and woven material lacing
Cantilever Wing Design: Strength comes from internal structure, no external wires necessary
Fabric: Stretched over frame, made of pure linen, with synthetic dye or custom paint for durability
Engine: 6-cylinder, 180 hp, with geared camshaft and synchronizing gear system for onboard guns
Propeller: Made of birch or walnut wood, 9.1 feet from tip to tip, with protective finish
Cockpit: Features throttle lever, fuel mixture lever, spark advance lever, magneto switch, and more
Flight Control System: Wires connected to foot bar and stick, controlling elevator, ailerons, and rudder
Landing Gear: Sturdy struts with mini airfoil, simple suspension system, and rubber cord
Guns: Two machine guns mounted in front of cockpit, with rounds remaining counter, ammunition belts, and metal blast shields
Pilot: Wears early leather crash helmet, goggles, leather face mask, leather flight suit, and thick gloves and boots
Term
Definition
Example Usage
Frame
Lightweight welded steel tube frame with piano wire tensioners and wooden brackets
In a World War I era biplane, the frame is designed to be lightweight and strong to support the weight of the plane and its occupants.
Wings
Made of wood, including spruce and birch plywood, with hollow horizontal spars and woven material lacing
The wings of a World War I era biplane are made of wood, with a strong internal structure to provide lift and stability during flight.
Cantilever Wing Design
Strength comes from internal structure, no external wires necessary
The cantilever wing design of a World War I era biplane eliminates the need for external wires, making the plane more streamlined and efficient.
Fabric
Stretched over frame, made of pure linen, with synthetic dye or custom paint for durability
The fabric covering of a World War I era biplane is made of pure linen, treated with synthetic dye or custom paint to provide added strength and durability.
Engine
6-cylinder, 180 hp, with geared camshaft and synchronizing gear system for onboard guns
The engine of a World War I era biplane is a powerful 6-cylinder engine producing 180 horsepower, with a geared camshaft and synchronizing gear system to enable the use of onboard guns.
Propeller
Made of birch or walnut wood, 9.1 feet from tip to tip, with protective finish
The propeller of a World War I era biplane is made of birch or walnut wood, with a protective finish to prevent damage and wear.
Cockpit
Features throttle lever, fuel mixture lever, spark advance lever, magneto switch, and more
The cockpit of a World War I era biplane is equipped with a range of controls, including the throttle lever, fuel mixture lever, spark advance lever, and magneto switch.
Flight Control System
Wires connected to foot bar and stick, controlling elevator, ailerons, and rudder
The flight control system of a World War I era biplane uses wires connected to the foot bar and stick to control the elevator, ailerons, and rudder.
Landing Gear
Sturdy struts with mini airfoil, simple suspension system, and rubber cord
The landing gear of a World War I era biplane features sturdy struts with mini airfoils, a simple suspension system, and a rubber cord to provide a smooth landing.
Guns
Two machine guns mounted in front of cockpit, with rounds remaining counter, ammunition belts, and metal blast shields
The guns of a World War I era biplane are mounted in front of the cockpit, with a rounds remaining counter, ammunition belts, and metal blast shields to protect the pilot.
Pilot
Wears early leather crash helmet, goggles, leather face mask, leather flight suit, and thick gloves and boots
The pilot of a World War I era biplane wears a range of protective gear, including an early leather crash helmet, goggles, leather face mask, leather flight suit, and thick gloves and boots.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hgG4kGW_G9Y
Vocabulary Quiz: World War I Era Biplane
What does the term tensioners refer to in the context of the biplane’s frame?
Welded steel tubes
Piano wire devices that provide additional strength
Wooden brackets
Lightweight materials
What is the purpose of the synchronizing gear system in the biplane’s engine?
To increase horsepower
To facilitate onboard guns
To reduce fuel consumption
To improve propeller performance
What type of material is used to make the biplane’s propeller?
Aluminum alloy
Birch or walnut wood
Steel tubing
Carbon fiber
What is the purpose of the blast shields in the biplane’s guns?
To protect the pilot from wind
To deflect enemy fire
To reduce recoil
To protect the pilot from metal fragments
What is the purpose of the rubber cord in the biplane’s landing gear?
To provide additional lift
To absorb shock during landing
To reduce drag during takeoff
To improve steering
Answer Key
b) Piano wire devices that provide additional strength
b) To facilitate onboard guns
b) Birch or walnut wood
d) To protect the pilot from metal fragments
b) To absorb shock during landing
The Use of Colon (:) in Lists
Explanation
In English, a colon (:) is often used to introduce a list, explanation, or amplification of what has preceded. It is commonly used in formal writing, such as academic or technical texts, to provide more information or clarify a point. In the given text, the colon is used to introduce the details of each component of the World War I Era Biplane.
Quiz
Choose the correct sentence that uses a colon (:) correctly:
1. The following items are required for the project: a computer, a printer, and a scanner.
2. The recipe consists of three ingredients: flour, sugar, and eggs.
3. The company’s mission is: to provide excellent customer service.
4. The new employee will be responsible for: managing the team, creating reports, and attending meetings.
5. The conference will feature three keynote speakers: Dr. Smith, Dr. Johnson, and Dr. Lee.
Answer Key
1. b) The following items are required for the project: a computer, a printer, and a scanner.
2. b) The recipe consists of three ingredients: flour, sugar, and eggs.
3. b) The company’s mission is: to provide excellent customer service.
4. b) The new employee will be responsible for: managing the team, creating reports, and attending meetings.
5. b) The conference will feature three keynote speakers: Dr. Smith, Dr. Johnson, and Dr. Lee.
