A hydroelectric power plant harnesses the energy of water to generate electricity. The process begins with water flowing in through six nozzles, which are aimed at buckets on a turbine wheel spinning at 500 rpm.
The precise design and shape of the buckets enable them to harness up to 92% of the energy from the water.
A splitter in the middle of the buckets divides the water jet into two pieces, allowing for efficient energy harnessing.
The turbine wheel is connected to a generator, which creates electricity.
The generator is connected to a massive 25-ton metal shaft, which turns the linear motion of the water into rotary circular motion.
The electricity is then distributed to homes across Europe through a vast network of pipes and wires.
The control room monitors and controls the entire process, ensuring that the electricity is generated and distributed efficiently.
Term
Definition
Example Usage
Hydroelectric Power Plant
A power plant that harnesses the energy of water to generate electricity.
A hydroelectric power plant is a great example of renewable energy.
Turbine Wheel
A wheel that converts the energy of water into mechanical energy.
The turbine wheel is connected to a generator, which creates electricity.
Generator
A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
The generator is connected to a massive metal shaft, which turns the linear motion of the water into rotary circular motion.
Splitter
A device that divides the water jet into two pieces, allowing for efficient energy harnessing.
A splitter in the middle of the buckets divides the water jet into two pieces.
Buckets
Containers that harness the energy of water.
The precise design and shape of the buckets enable them to harness up to 92% of the energy from the water.
Linear Motion
A type of motion that occurs in a straight line.
The linear motion of the water is converted into rotary circular motion by a massive 25-ton metal shaft.
Rotary Circular Motion
A type of motion that occurs in a circular pattern.
The linear motion of the water is converted into rotary circular motion by a massive 25-ton metal shaft.
Control Room
A room that monitors and controls the entire process of electricity generation and distribution.
The control room monitors and controls the entire process, ensuring that the electricity is generated and distributed efficiently.
Electricity Distribution
The process of distributing electricity to homes and businesses.
The electricity is then distributed to homes across Europe through a vast network of pipes and wires.
Renewable Energy
Energy that is generated from natural resources that can be replenished.
A hydroelectric power plant is a great example of renewable energy.
Vocabulary Quiz: Hydroelectric Power Plant
Choose the correct definition for each word:
What does the word “harness” mean in the context of the text?
to carry or hold something
to control or utilize something
to create or build something
What is the meaning of the word “precise” in the context of the text?
exact and accurate
rough and approximate
fast and quick
What does the word “linear” mean in the context of the text?
moving in a straight line
moving in a circular motion
moving in a zigzag pattern
What is the meaning of the word “vast” in the context of the text?
very large or extensive
very small or narrow
very old or ancient
What does the word “monitor” mean in the context of the text?
to watch or observe something
to control or manage something
to fix or repair something
Answer Key:
b) to control or utilize something
a) exact and accurate
a) moving in a straight line
a) very large or extensive
a) to watch or observe something
Passive Voice with Phrasal Verbs
Explanation
In the given text, we can see the use of passive voice with phrasal verbs. Phrasal verbs are idiomatic expressions that combine a verb with a preposition or an adverb. When we use phrasal verbs in the passive voice, the preposition or adverb usually comes after the verb. For example, “is aimed at” and “is connected to” are phrasal verbs in the passive voice. The focus is on the action’s recipient rather than the doer. This grammatical structure is often used in formal or technical writing, such as in the description of a hydroelectric power plant.
Quiz
Choose the correct passive form of the phrasal verb:
1. The new employee ____________________ to the marketing team.
is assigned
assigns
is assigning
assign
2. The new policy ____________________ at the next meeting.
will be looked
is looking
will look
looks
3. The package ____________________ to the customer yesterday.
was delivered
delivered
is delivering
deliver
4. The new software ____________________ by our team of experts.
is being tested
tests
is test
test
5. The company’s financial reports ____________________ by an independent auditor.
