C1 Grammar: Advanced Discourse Markers

C1 Grammar: Advanced Discourse Markers
ESL Structure Curriculum

ESL Grammar Course

C1: Advanced

Signposts on a road, indicating different directions for an argument (e.g., Furthermore, However, Consequently)

Advanced Discourse Markers

Discourse markers are words or phrases that connect, organize, and manage what we say or write. At the C1 level, you move beyond simple connectors like `and`, `but`, and `so` to use more sophisticated language that shows complex relationships between ideas, making your arguments more coherent and persuasive.

⚠️ Attention: Key Functions

1. Adding Information:

  • `Furthermore`, `Moreover`, `In addition`, `What is more`

2. Showing Contrast:

  • `Nevertheless`, `Nonetheless`, `Despite this`, `Whereas`, `On the other hand`

3. Showing Result/Consequence:

  • `Consequently`, `As a result`, `Therefore`, `Thus`

4. Giving Examples or Clarifying:

  • `For instance`, `To illustrate`, `Namely`, `In other words`

Practice Quiz

1. The project was challenging; ____, it was completed on time.

2. The company’s profits have increased significantly. ____, they plan to expand their operations.

3. The new software is very efficient. ____, it is extremely user-friendly.

4. Some people prefer city life, ____ others prefer the countryside.

5. He didn’t study for the test; ____, he failed.

6. There are several problems with this theory. ____, it lacks sufficient evidence.

7. The journey was long and tiring. ____, we are glad we made the trip.

8. He is an expert in several fields, ____, robotics and artificial intelligence.

9. The evidence was overwhelming; ____, the jury found him guilty.

10. The plan is good in theory. In practice, ____, it has several major flaws.